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近年来,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)母婴传播及其阻断方法的研究有了很大的进展。各地调查数据表明,孕妇HBsAg的阳性率美国、西欧以及澳大利亚低于1%,非洲、亚洲为5—10%[1-3],其中约1/3的人HBeAg阳性。HBsAg阳性孕妇所生下的婴儿,在半年内有20~50%成为HBsAg携带者[1-4],而HBeAg阳性孕妇分娩的婴儿,半年内成为HBsAg慢性携带者高达85—90%[5]。因此,有人提出HBeAg可作为母亲对子女传播HBV的一种重要指标。出生一年后感染HBV的婴儿,多数能在不长的时间内清除体内的HBV,在围产期感染的婴儿,则有相当数量演变成为持续HBV携带者。Beasley RP指出,各国之间围产期
In recent years, hepatitis B virus (HBV) mother-infant transmission and its blocking method has made great progress. Surveys data show that the positive rate of HBsAg in pregnant women in the United States, Western Europe and Australia less than 1%, Africa, Asia, 5-10% [1-3], of which about 1/3 of HBeAg-positive. Infants born to HBsAg-positive pregnant women have 20 to 50% of HBsAg carriers within a period of six months [1-4], whereas infants born to HBeAg-positive pregnant women become as high as 85-90% of HBsAg-positive carriers within six months [5] . Therefore, it was suggested that HBeAg can be used as an important indicator of HBV transmission from mother to child. Most babies infected with HBV after one year of birth will be able to clear their body of HBV within a short period of time. However, in infants infected with perinatal period, a considerable number have evolved into persistent HBV carriers. Beasley RP pointed out that perinatal period between countries