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目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇产后血糖异常的相关影响因素。方法本研究将2014年1-12月在该院产科住院分娩的108例GDM孕妇按照产后口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)结果将其分为血糖正常组(74例)和血糖异常组(34例)。调查GDM孕妇产后血糖异常的影响因素。结果异常组产妇的年龄、孕前体重指数(BMI)值、产前BMI值明显高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.98,P<0.05;t=5.87,P<0.05;t=3.12,P<0.05);另外,异常组中存在糖尿病家族史及产后运动时间低于1 h/d者明显多于正常组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.75,P<0.05;χ2=5.80,P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,妊娠年龄、孕前BMI值、糖尿病家族史等因素是引起GDM孕妇产后血糖异常的独立危险因素(P<0.05),而产后运动锻炼则是保护因素。结论妊娠年龄、孕前BMI、糖尿病家族史是引起孕妇产后发生血糖异常的主要危险因素,积极进行产后运动锻炼有助于降低血糖异常的发生率。
Objective To investigate the related factors of postpartum blood glucose abnormality in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods In this study, 108 pregnant women with GDM in hospital from January 2014 to January 2014 were divided into two groups according to the results of OGTT: normal blood glucose group (74 cases) and abnormal blood glucose group (34 cases) . To investigate the influencing factors of postpartum blood glucose abnormality in pregnant women with GDM. Results The age, the body mass index (BMI) and the prenatal BMI in the abnormal group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (t = 3.98, P <0.05; t = 5.87, P <0.05; , P <0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference between the abnormal group with family history of diabetes and postpartum exercise time less than 1 h / d compared with the normal group (χ2 = 7.75, P <0.05; χ2 = 5.80, P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that gestational age, pre-pregnancy BMI, family history of diabetes and other factors were independent risk factors for postpartum blood glucose abnormalities in GDM pregnant women (P <0.05), and postpartum exercise was protective factor. Conclusion Pregnancy age, pre-pregnancy BMI and family history of diabetes are the main risk factors of postpartum blood glucose abnormality in pregnant women. Active postpartum exercise training can reduce the incidence of abnormal blood glucose.