抗癌药的发展需进行一系列筛选、实验、临床前药理和临床试用过程。当某种新药经临床前药理等研究被证明具有一定治疗作用,并且对人体无严重毒副作用时,该新药便可被投入临床试用。临床试用包括临床药理学、临床疗效观察和临床使用价值的评价三个阶段。在临床药理学阶段(即第一期临床试用阶段),通过药代动力学、药效学(时/效关系、量/ The development of anticancer drugs requires a series of screenings, experiments, preclinical pharmacology and clinical trials. When a new drug has been proved to have a certain therapeutic effect through preclinical pharmacology and other studies, and there is no serious side effect on the human body, the new drug can be put into clinical trials. Clinical trials include three stages of clinical pharmacology, clinical efficacy observation, and evaluation of clinical use value. At the clinical pharmacology stage (ie the first phase of clinical trials), through pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics (time/effect relationship, quantity/