论文部分内容阅读
本试验依据生物间遗传学的理论从流行学方面研究小麦叶锈菌的生理小种及其在我国省区间的分布和消长,并通过小种鉴定,逐步调整和改进鉴别寄主。本年度共测了25个省市自治区的小麦叶锈菌标样470个。用历来采用的8个鉴别寄主按八进法附毒性公式对小种命名。共鉴定出49个小种和一个洛10类群。优势小种仍以小种60,376〈原叶3〉,64和374为主,频率分别为20.85%,15.96%,6.17%和5.74%,对洛夫林10具有潜在威胁的洛10类群发展到26个类型,遍及21个省市自治区。对原用的8个和新采用的8个鉴别寄主进行了评价。原用的8个寄主中,有6个无鉴别作用或与生产无关,应与调整而用与生产有关的品种或抗源来代替。用新的寄主来鉴定小种,有些原来的小种被合并,但新鉴定的优势小种,仍包括原有的优势小种。另一方面,用新的鉴别寄主,有些原来的小种被进一步区分为不同的类型。建立为流行学研究用的鉴别寄主,还有待进一步摸索。用生物间遗传学的方法,对叶锈菌和新的鉴别寄主进行了基因型分析。结果表明,在寄主与锈菌的相互作用中,可以确定有4对相对基因对在起作用。洛夫林10,洛夫林13,山前和高加索,4个品种被归为一个组。可能具有同一个抗性基因,有待进一步加以证实。
Based on the theory of biological genetics, this experiment studied the physiological races of Puccinia triticina from epidemiology and the distribution and growth of the wheat races of Puccinia recondita in our province. Through the identification of races, the host of the identification was gradually adjusted and improved. This year a total of 470 samples of wheat leaf rust were tested in 25 provinces. Eight species have always been used to identify the host octogenarian toxicity formula attached to the races. A total of 49 races and 10 Luo population were identified. The dominant races were still predominantly raccoon 60,376, with the frequencies of 20.85%, 15.96%, 6.17% and 5.74%, respectively. The frequency of Los raccoon ten groups with potential threats to Lovrin 10 was 26 A type, over 21 provinces. The original 8 and newly used 8 identification hosts were evaluated. Of the original 8 hosts, 6 did not discriminate or have nothing to do with production and should be replaced with production-related varieties or sources of resistance. Small races are identified with new hosts, and some of the original races are merged, but the newly identified races continue to include the original races. On the other hand, with the new authentication host, some of the original races are further differentiated into different types. The establishment of a differential host for epidemiological studies remains to be further explored. Genome analysis was carried out on the leaf rust and the new identification host using the bio-genetic method. The results showed that in the interaction between the host and the rust fungi, we can determine that there are four pairs of relative genes in play. Lovrin 10, Lovrin 13, Piedmont and the Caucasus, four varieties are grouped into one group. May have the same resistance gene, to be further confirmed.