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食管癌是我国五种常见恶性肿瘤之一,发病率仅次于胃癌,居第二位。北方的河南省食管癌发病率高达32.22/10万人,而云南省仅为1.05/10万人,因此,食管癌是北方人群中常见的一种消化道疾病。从食管癌各年龄组患病情况来看,30岁以下年龄组仅占0.17％;30～39岁年龄组为4.42％;40～49岁年龄组为14.36％,50～59岁年龄组高达33.75％;60～69岁年龄组为32.39％。由此可见,40岁以后食管癌发病率明显升高。男性患者多于女性。为什么会发生食管癌,迄今尚未完全清楚。了解一些已知的病因,可能对预防食管癌的发生有益。 1.亚硝胺类物质 约有30种亚硝胺能诱
Esophageal cancer is one of the five most common malignancies in China. The incidence rate is second only to gastric cancer. The incidence of esophageal cancer in Henan Province in the north is as high as 32.22 per 100,000 people, while in Yunnan Province it is only 1.05 per 100,000. Therefore, esophageal cancer is a common gastrointestinal disease in the northern population. Judging from the prevalence of esophageal cancer in all age groups, the age group below the age of 30 accounted for only 0.17%, the age group of 30 to 39 years was 4.42%, the age group of 40 to 49 years was 14.36%, and the age group of 50 to 59 years was as high as 33.75. %; 32.39% in the 60-69 age group. This shows that the incidence of esophageal cancer has increased significantly since the age of 40. More men than women. Why esophageal cancer occurs has not yet been fully understood. Understanding some of the known causes may be beneficial for preventing the occurrence of esophageal cancer. 1. Nitrosamines About 30 kinds of nitrosamines can induce