管理学家邓肯曾说过:“如果说人们把一个词与管理联系得最为紧密的话,那么这个词就是效率。事实上,科学管理运动……可以称为效率管理。……正是人们对效率的渴望导致了近代管理思想的诞生”[1]。行政学的创始人威尔逊明确提出,“行政学研究的目标在于……尽可能高的效率”[2] Duncan, a management scientist, once said: “The word is efficiency if one speaks of the word most closely to management.” In fact, the science-management movement ... can be called efficiency management .... It is people who say that efficiency The desire has led to the birth of modern management thinking “[1]. Wilson, the founder of administration, made it clear that ”the goal of administrative studies lies in ... as much efficiency as possible" [2]