目的了解气候变化健康干预前后社区居民对热浪等气候变化的知识、态度、行为(KAP)变化情况,评估干预效果。方法采用多层次单纯随机抽样的方法,分别于气候变化健康干预工作前后,抽取600余名18岁及以上社区居民进行问卷调查,对比干预前后社区居民对热浪知识、态度、行为等改变。应用多元线性回归分析知识、态度、行为的影响因素。结果干预前、后在知识知晓率、态度转变率、行为形成率方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);年龄、文化程度、锻炼、干预对知识、态度、行为的影响差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论年龄、文化程度、是否注重自身健康、干预是知识、态度、行为的影响因素,开展有针对性的气候变化健康干预工作可有效提升高居民对于热浪的正确认知、改善其态度和相关行为。 Objective To understand the changes of knowledge, attitudes and behavior (KAP) of community residents before and after the health interventions on climate change, such as heat waves, to evaluate the intervention effect. Methods A total of more than 600 community residents aged 18 and over were surveyed before and after the interventions for climate change before and after the intervention on climate change by using a simple random sampling method. Changes in knowledge, attitude, behavior, etc. of the community residents before and after the intervention were compared. Multiple linear regression analysis of knowledge, attitude, behavior influencing factors. Results Before and after intervention, there were significant differences in knowledge awareness rate, attitude change rate and behavior formation rate (all P <0.05). There were significant differences in age, education level, exercise and intervention on knowledge, attitude and behavior Statistical significance (all P <0.05). Conclusions Age, education level and whether or not to emphasize one’s own health are the influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and behavior. Conducting targeted health intervention work on climate change can effectively enhance the residents’ correct cognition of heatwaves and their attitudes and behaviors .