与元朝扩张性盐业生产政策相比,明清时期为保证盐价高昂,朝廷始终重视控制盐业生产的供需比例。从明中叶始,盐业产销失衡加剧,促使明清朝廷相继出台诸多应对举措,失效后则陆续裁并了长芦盐区十六个盐场。如此大规模、广范围、强力度的裁并盐场,原因有三:一是环境变迁导致运道尽失;二是制盐技术革新带来的相对劣势;三是明清国家、盐商、灶户三者之间博弈的结果。 Compared with the expansionary salt production policy of the Yuan Dynasty, in order to ensure the high price of salt during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the court always attached great importance to controlling the supply and demand of salt production. Beginning from the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the unbalanced production and marketing of the salt industry intensified many imperatives of the Ming and Qing dynasties being promulgated successively. After the expiration of the salt market, 16 salvage salvos of the Changlu Salt Area were successively dismissed. There are three reasons for this: the first is that environmental changes lead to lost luck; the second is the relative disadvantage brought by technological innovation in salt making; the third is that in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the salt merchants, The result of the game between the players.