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目的了解澳门妇女乳腺癌筛检影响因素,为制定相关卫生教育和策略提供依据。方法采用现况调查对某机构全体220名女职工进行乳腺癌普查,对乳腺癌筛检影响因素进行分析。结果女职工平均年龄为44.2岁;82.1%已婚,76.9%已生育,子女中位数为2个,只有43.1%有喂哺母乳经验;平均初经年龄为13.6岁;35.4%女职工有亲友患过乳腺癌,78.5%从未患有乳房疾病;年龄(P=0.000)、初经年龄(P=0.032)、子女数(P=0.041)、婚姻(P=0.000)、生育子女(P=0.000)、喂哺母乳经验(P=0.006)、亲友患过乳腺癌(P=0.001)、乳房疾病(P=0.001)在是否进行乳腺癌筛检中差异有统计学意义;而年龄(OR=1.2,P=0.000)和未停经(OR=9.1,P=0.000)是促进乳腺癌筛检的因素,从未患有乳房疾病(OR=0.3,P=0.047)则是妨碍因素。结论对年龄较轻及已停经的女职工,应加强乳腺癌筛检的宣传教育,以增加女职工乳腺癌的危机意识。
Objective To understand the influencing factors of breast cancer screening among women in Macao and provide the basis for formulating relevant health education and strategies. Methods A survey of 220 female employees in an institution was conducted to investigate the influencing factors of breast cancer screening. Results The average age of female workers was 44.2 years. 82.1% were married, 76.9% had childbirth, and the median of children was 2. Only 43.1% had breastfeeding experience. The average age of first trimester was 13.6 years. 35.4% of female workers had relatives and friends (P = 0.000), age at onset (P = 0.032), number of children (P = 0.041), marriage (P = 0.000), childbearing children (P = 0.000), breastfeeding experience (P = 0.006), relatives and friends with breast cancer (P = 0.001), breast disease (P = 0.001) were statistically significant in breast cancer screening; 1.2, P = 0.000) and no menopause (OR = 9.1, P = 0.000) were the factors that promote breast cancer screening. Breast disease (OR = 0.3, P = 0.047) Conclusion For younger women and women who have stopped menopause, publicity and education on breast cancer screening should be strengthened so as to increase the awareness of crisis among women employees in breast cancer.