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钢和合金中存在多种第二相,从其形成和分析的角度可分为夹杂物和析出相两大类。前者是氧、硫、磷等化合物,在钢中含量甚微,通常需考察其形态、分布和总量,用以探讨冶炼工艺;后者包括各种金属间化合物、碳化物等,种类繁多,含量范围也很广,它们与合金的性能密切有关。弄清各种相的类型、组成、和数量,掌握其析出、溶解和转化规律,对于选择合金成分。确定热处理制度,探讨强化机理等方面均有十分重要的意义,并已成为研究合金材料的必要环节。迄今作为定量相分析技术,仍以电解抽取为基础的物理化学法最为有效。近几年来,国内外工作者除
There are many kinds of second phase in steel and alloy, which can be divided into two categories of inclusions and precipitates from the angle of formation and analysis. The former is oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and other compounds, the content is very small in the steel, it is usually necessary to examine the morphology, distribution and total amount, to explore the smelting process; the latter including various intermetallic compounds, carbides, a wide variety, The content range is also very wide, they are closely related with the performance of the alloy. Understand the various types of phase, composition, and the number of precipitation, dissolution and transformation rules, for the choice of alloy composition. Determine the heat treatment system, to explore the strengthening mechanism and so has a very important significance, and has become an essential part of the study of alloy materials. To date, as a quantitative phase analysis technique, the physicochemical method based on electrolytic extraction is most effective. In recent years, workers at home and abroad