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以嘎拉苹果为试材,分析了果实发育软化过程细胞壁组分、细胞壁酶活性及其酶基因表达的变化。结果表明,发育期,细胞壁物质(CWM)及其组分均先升后降,果胶中共价结合果胶(CSP)含量最高,纤维素含量远高于半纤维素,此期CSP和纤维素含量与硬度显著相关,细胞壁酶表现不同的活性变化和基因表达,并与细胞壁组分存在一定相关性,表明细胞壁降解参与了果实发育期的相关生理过程。采后CSP含量快速降低,水溶性果胶(WSP)含量开始增加,纤维素和半纤维素含量降低,均与硬度显著或极显著相关;细胞壁酶中,β-Gal活性和基因表达量增幅最快,α-Af和PG次之,PME活性和基因表达的增加时期相对滞后,且β-Gal和α-Af活性与硬度和各细胞壁组分的相关性强于PG和PME,PG与CSP和半纤维素表现较强相关性,而在PME上的相关性最差,说明细胞壁代谢与嘎拉果实软化密切相关,β-Gal和α-Af可能对果实软化的作用更强。
Gala apple was used as material to analyze the changes of cell wall components, cell wall enzyme activities and enzyme gene expression during fruit softening. The results showed that CWM and its components both increased and then decreased at the developmental stage. The content of covalently bound pectin (CSP) in pectin was the highest, and the content of cellulose was much higher than that of hemicellulose. The content of CSP and cellulose Content and hardness were significantly related to cell wall enzymes showed different activity changes and gene expression, and cell wall components are some correlation, indicating that cell wall degradation involved in the fruit during the development of the relevant physiological processes. After harvest, the content of CSP decreased rapidly, the content of water-soluble pectin (WSP) began to increase, and the content of cellulose and hemicellulose decreased, both of which were significantly or very significantly related to the hardness; the increase of β-Gal activity and gene expression PME activity and gene expression were relatively lagging behind, and the correlation between β-Gal and α-Af activity and hardness and cell wall components was stronger than PG and PME, PG and CSP and Hemicellulose showed strong correlation, but the correlation was the worst on PME, which indicated that cell wall metabolism was closely related to Gala fruit softening. Β-Gal and α-Af might play a stronger role in fruit softening.