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硬粒小麦(Triticum durum Desf.)DR147授以超甜玉米(Zea m ays L.) ss 7700的花粉后,在83.4% 的柱头上观察到花粉萌发及花粉管长入胚囊,有9.9% 的子房发生了卵细胞的单受精,1.9% 的子房发生了中央细胞的单受精,32.7% 的子房发生了双受精。尽管双受精后可同时形成胚和胚乳,但胚乳往往发育迟缓,甚至败育。硬粒小麦×玉米形成的杂合子核型高度不稳定,在最初的几次细胞分裂中,来自父本玉米的染色体逐步被排除,最后形成硬粒小麦单倍体胚。在授以玉米花粉4 h 后用100 ppm 2,4-D溶液浸蘸硬粒小麦穗部,可以有效地促进幼胚在缺乏胚乳或胚乳败育情况下的生长和发育。授粉9—13 d 后由533个硬粒小麦子房解剖出25个胚,得胚率为4.7% 。通过幼胚拯救获得11棵正常植株,植株获得率为2.1% 。根尖细胞染色体计数表明,它们为单倍体(2n= 2x= 14)。
After the Triticum durum Desf. DR147 was given pollen from Zea mays L. ss 7700, pollen germination and pollen tube length were observed on the stigma of 83.4%, with 9 Nine percent of the ovaries had single fertilization of egg cells, one single fertilization of central cells in 1.9% of ovaries, and double fertilization in 32.7% of ovaries. Although both embryos and endosperm can be formed after double fertilization, the endosperm tends to be retarded or even aborted. Heterozygous karyotypes formed by durum × maize are highly unstable and in the first few cell divisions, the chromosomes from the maternal maize are gradually eliminated and eventually form durum wheat haploid embryos. Dip durum wheat ears with 100 ppm 2,4-D solution after pollination of corn pollen for 4 h can effectively promote the growth and development of immature embryos in the absence of endosperm or endosperm abortion. After 9-13 days of pollination, 25 embryos were dissected from 533 durum wheat ovaries and the embryo rate was 4.7%. Eleven normal plants were obtained from the rescue of immature embryos and the plant yield was 2.1%. Root apical cell chromosome counts indicate that they are haploid (2n = 2x = 14).