近几年来，国内外原发性甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）的治疗方法没有大的变动，仍以药物、放射性碘和甲状腺全切或近全切除手术三大治疗手段为主，三种方法各有利弊，单一治疗手段有时仍不能满足部分患者的个体化需求。虽然传统手术是原发性甲亢的有效治疗手段之一，但由于创伤大、潜在并发症多、颈部疤痕等原因使部分患者难以接受。近年来随着热消融技术在临床上的广泛应用，有关甲亢热消融治疗方面的研究取得了较大进展。由于国内许多医院的不同科室都在开展或拟开展甲亢热消融治疗，为提高甲亢热消融治疗的临床治愈率及手术安全性。需要对甲亢热消融治疗的手术适应证、禁忌证、围手术期处理、手术及麻醉方式等常见问题进行规范。为此，中国医师协会介入医师分会超声介入专业委员会，中国医师协会介入医师分会肿瘤消融治疗专业委员会，中国医师协会甲状腺肿瘤消融治疗技术专家组，中国医师协会肿瘤消融治疗技术专家组，中国临床肿瘤学会（CSCO）肿瘤消融治疗专家委员会、中国抗癌协会肿瘤消融治疗专业委员会组织国内部分甲状腺疾病消融治疗方面的专家，依据最新研究进展并结合我国临床实际情况讨论并制定本共识，现予以发布。“,”In recent years, no major advances have been developed in the standard treatment of primary hyperthyroidism, which mainly includes medication, radiotherapy and bilateral subtotal/total thyroidectomy. These three therapies have specific advantages and disadvantages, even traditional surgery is not appropriate for some patients due to invasive trauma, complications and neck scars. As great progresses of thermal ablation technology have been made, many domestic hospitals are carrying out this technique for hyperthyroidism. In order to improve the efficacy and safety, critical issues related to thermal ablation in patients with hyperthyroidism, including indications, contraindications, perioperative preparations, anesthesia and procedure etc, were discussed. The Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Ultrasound Intervention Professional Committee of Interventional Physician Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Professional Committee of Interventionist Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) and the Professional Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association organized related experts and formulated this consensus based on the latest research progress.