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目的了解阜阳市市售主要食品中致病菌的污染状况,为有效预防食源性疾病的发生提供科学依据。方法按国标GB4789和食源性致病菌监测手册的方法,对10类食品中的沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、肠出血性大肠埃希菌O157:H7、阪崎肠杆菌、空肠弯曲菌、副溶血性弧菌和金黄色葡萄球菌进行分离与鉴定。结果2007～2011年859份食品样品中共检出致病菌114株,总检出率13.27%。10类食品中鲜奶的金黄色葡萄球菌污染率最高,达到52.50%(21/40),其次为水产品中的副溶血弧菌污染22.11%(21/95)。所有致病菌中金黄色葡萄球菌检出株数最多,阳性率为11.65%(53/455)。O157:H7检出株数最少,阳性率为0.26%(1/391)。农贸市场、超市、个体户三种不同监测点食源性致病菌的检出差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.15,P>0.05)。结论阜阳市主要市售食品中存在食源性致病菌的污染,其中鲜奶产品中金黄色葡萄球菌污染率最高。有针对性防范和控制各类食品致病菌的污染,是防止食源性疾病暴发的重要措施。
Objective To understand the pollution of pathogenic bacteria in the main foodstuffs sold in Fuyang City and provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention of foodborne diseases. Methods Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157: H7, Enterobacter sakazakii, jejunal bentonite in 10 kinds of foodstuffs were analyzed according to the national standard GB4789 and foodborne pathogen monitoring manual. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and identified. Results A total of 114 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 859 food samples from 2007 to 2011, with a total detection rate of 13.27%. The highest contamination rate of Staphylococcus aureus in fresh milk was found in 10 kinds of food, reaching 52.50% (21/40), followed by 22.11% (21/95) in the contamination of aquatic products with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Staphylococcus aureus was detected most frequently in all pathogenic bacteria, the positive rate was 11.65% (53/455). O157: H7 detected the least, the positive rate was 0.26% (1/391). There was no significant difference in the detection of food-borne pathogens among the three monitoring points of farmers’ markets, supermarkets and self-employed households (χ2 = 5.15, P> 0.05). Conclusion There are food-borne pathogenic bacteria in the main commercially available foods in Fuyang City, among which the highest rate of Staphylococcus aureus in fresh milk products is found. Targeted prevention and control of various types of foodborne pathogens contamination is an important measure to prevent foodborne disease outbreaks.