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为了缓解交通拥堵,解决拥堵状态下区域交通控制问题,提出了宏观交通网络拥堵区边界最优控制方法。首先,基于同质性路网宏观基本图特性固定划分控制子区,通过分析子区之间的车辆流入、流出关系,建立了宏观网络车流平衡方程;其次,以路网旅行车辆完成率最高,同时子区边界处受阻车辆数最低为优化目标建立了拥堵区边界最优控制模型,根据最优控制确定子区边界输入、输出最佳交通流量,进而以饱和度高的边界交叉口饱和度快速降低为优化目标,提出了子区边界交叉口流量分配及信号配时参数优化方法;最后,以合肥市一环路以内的路网为测试对象,通过微观仿真分析,比较了无区域边界控制、拥堵区入口Bang-Bang边界控制、拥堵区出口与入口BangBang边界控制和最优控制4种控制方案。结果表明:最优控制条件下宏观路网运行效益比前3种方法分别提高49.17%、30.19%、71.99%,车辆行程延误分别降低21.65%、3.74%、1.94%;最优控制可有效改善拥堵区内外交通密度的均衡性;宏观路网拥堵区的边界控制可有效降低高峰期间拥堵区的拥塞程度,提高整个路网的疏散能力。
In order to alleviate the traffic congestion and solve the problem of traffic control in the area under congestion, a method of optimal boundary control of congestion in macro traffic network is proposed. First of all, based on the macroscopically basic map property of homogenous road network, the control subareas are fixedly divided. By analyzing the inflows and outflows of vehicles between subareas, a macroscopic network traffic flow equilibrium equation is established. Secondly, the completion rate of the road network travel vehicles is the highest, At the same time, the minimum number of obstructed vehicles at the boundary of the sub-area is the minimum, and the optimal control model of the congestion area boundary is established. According to the optimal control, the optimal sub-area boundary input and output traffic flow are determined, and then the saturation with high saturation The traffic distribution and the signal timing parameter optimization method at the intersection of sub-areas are put forward. Finally, the road network within the first ring road in Hefei city is taken as the test object, and the comparison of the non-area boundary control, Congestion Zone Entrance Bang-Bang Boundary Control, Congestion Zone Exit and Entrance BangBang Boundary Control and Optimal Control 4 kinds of control schemes. The results show that the operating efficiency of macro road network under the optimal control conditions is increased by 49.17%, 30.19% and 71.99% respectively compared with the former three methods, and the delay of vehicle journey is reduced by 21.65%, 3.74% and 1.94% respectively; the optimal control can effectively improve congestion The traffic density inside and outside the area is balanced; the boundary control of the macro road network congestion area can effectively reduce the congestion of the congestion area during the peak period and improve the evacuation ability of the entire road network.