论文部分内容阅读
牡豆8号是黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院选育的高油、高产大豆品种,具有高产、抗旱、优质等特点,受到农民的欢迎。本文通过对其亲本进行追溯,建立系谱树,分析其亲本的地理来源及核遗传贡献率,揭示其遗传基础,为大豆育种亲本的选择利用提供参考。结果表明:牡豆8号属于四粒黄细胞质家族,传递过程是:四粒黄→黄宝珠→满仓金→克5501-3→绥农3号→绥农4号→绥农8号→垦农19→牡豆8号。核基因由祖先亲本农大4840、克山四粒荚、小粒豆9号、十胜长叶、Amsoy、四粒黄、金元、白眉、永丰豆、小粒黄、黄-中-中20和佳木斯秃夹子共同提供,核遗传贡献率分别是:25.00%、15.23%、12.50%、12.50%、7.81%、7.28%、7.28%、5.96%、3.13%、2.34%、0.78%和0.20%;选择亲本时,母本往往选择在当地有广泛适应性的主栽品种,而父本则选择融入地理远缘基因和生态远缘基因的桥梁亲本;品种遗传基础狭窄仍然是限制大豆育种进展的瓶颈问题。
On the 8th, Mudou No. 8 is a high-oil and high-yield soybean variety bred in Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It has the characteristics of high yield, drought resistance and high quality, and is welcomed by peasants. This article traced its parents to establish pedigree tree, analyzed the geographical origin and nuclear genetic contribution rate of its parents, revealed its genetic basis, and provided references for the selection and utilization of soybean breeding parents. The results showed that: the number 8 belongs to four yellow cytoplasm family, the transfer process is: four yellow → yellow Baozhu → Mancangjin → grams 5501-3 → Suinong 3 → Suinong 4 → Suinong 8 → Kenong 19 → 8 on the bean. Nuclear genes from the ancestral parents Nongda 4840, Keshan four pods, small beans on the 9th, ten wins long leaves, Amsoy, four yellow, gold, white eyebrows, Yongfeng beans, small yellow, yellow - in 20 and Jiamusi The results showed that the rate of nuclear genetic contribution was 25.00%, 15.23%, 12.50%, 12.50%, 7.81%, 7.28%, 7.28%, 5.96%, 3.13%, 2.34%, 0.78% and 0.20% While the female parent chose a variety of cultivars with a wide range of adaptability in the local area. However, the male parent chose the bridge parent that integrates the geographical distant gene and the ecological distant gene. The narrow inheritance of the breed remains the bottleneck that limits the progress of soybean breeding.