目的探讨性传播病毒和不孕症的关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）对６０例人工流产术后不孕症妇女和３９例正常妇女进行了生殖道单纯疱疹病毒Ｉ型（ＨＳＶ２）和人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）的检测。结果不孕组和对照组ＨＳＶ２的阳性检出率分别是８０．０％和２５．５％，两组间有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１）；ＨＰＶ的阳性率分别是５３３％和３３３％，两组间无显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＨＳＶ和ＨＰＶ在两组中的混合感染的阳性率分别是４３．３％（２６／６０）和２３．１％（９／３９），两者有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明ＨＳＶ２或ＨＳＶ２和ＨＰＶ的混合感染与人工流产术后不孕症有显著的相关性，很可能是不孕的原因之一。两组９９份标志中，ＨＳＶ２和ＨＰＶ混合感染的阳性率为３５．３５％，统计学分析表明，ＨＳＶ２和ＨＰＶ感染与不孕有极显著的相关性χ＝１２．５，Ｐ＜０．０１。结论ＨＳＶ２和ＨＰＶ的感染和不孕症相关 Objective To explore the relationship between sexually transmitted virus and infertility. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect HSV2 and HPV in 60 infertile women and 39 normal women after induced abortion. Results The positive rates of HSV2 in infertility group and control group were 80.0% and 25.5%, respectively, with significant difference (P <001). The positive rates of HPV were 533 % And 333%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). The positive rates of HSV and HPV infection in the two groups were 43.3% (26/60) and 23.1 % (9/39), there was a significant difference between the two (P <0.05). Show that HSV2 or HSV2 and HPV mixed infection and post-abortion infertility have a significant correlation, is likely to be one of the reasons for infertility. In 99 samples of two groups, the positive rate of HSV2 and HPV was 35.35%. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between HSV2 and HPV infection and infertility χ = 12.5 (P <0.01) . Conclusions Infection with HSV2 and HPV is associated with infertility