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苏联的苹果栽培始于10～11世纪,至19世纪有了较大发展并出现了商业性生产。其后,米丘林育成数百个新品种振兴了苹果生产事业。栽培面积达到100万公顷以上,产量居世界第一位。据联合国粮农组织的统计,苏联1979年的苹果产量达750万吨,超过居第二位的美国2倍以上。苏联苹果的产地大致可分以下6个地带。一、南部地带:包括中央亚细亚各共和国。主要的包括有面临黑海的摩尔达维亚,还包括面临里海的阿斯特拉罕州南部。这一地带气候良好,生产生食用的优质苹果,是红魁品种的原产地。二、中部地带:由南部地带向北,从乌克兰北
The cultivation of apple in the Soviet Union began in the 10th ~ 11th centuries. By the 19th century, there was a great development and commercial production took place. Since then, Michurin bred hundreds of new varieties to revitalize the Apple production business. Cultivated area reached more than 1 million hectares, the output ranks first in the world. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, the apple output of the Soviet Union in 1979 reached 7.5 million tons, surpassing the number two in the United States more than twice. The origin of the Soviet Union Apple can be divided into the following six areas. First, the southern zone: including the Central Asian republics. The main ones include Moldavia facing the Black Sea and southern Astrakhan facing the Caspian Sea. This area has a good climate and produces high quality apples for raw food, which is the origin of Hongkui varieties. Second, the central zone: from the southern zone north, north from Ukraine