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目的调查汶川大地震后所致儿童急性应激障碍(ASD)的发生情况及其相关的影响因素。方法应用美国精神科学会DSM-IV分类与诊断标准中的ASD诊断标准,对经历汶川大地震的幸存儿童进行诊断。结果 137名受试者中有11人(8.03%)符合ASD的诊断标准。汶川大地震后儿童ASD发生率较高,女性儿童ASD的发生率高于男性儿童,但在统计学上无显著性差异。有神经质特点的儿童更容易发生ASD。灾区儿童中ASD及其症状的发生情况比较严重。结论应对灾区儿童进行阶段性随访追踪并提供长期的必要的心理援助。
Objective To investigate the incidence and related factors of childhood acute stress disorder (ASD) in Wenchuan earthquake. Methods The diagnostic criteria of ASD in DSM-IV classification and diagnostic criteria of American Psychiatric Association were used to diagnose the surviving children who experienced Wenchuan earthquake. Results Of the 137 subjects, 11 (8.03%) met the diagnostic criteria for ASD. The incidence of ASD in children after the Wenchuan earthquake was high, and the incidence of ASD in female children was higher than that in male children, but there was no statistically significant difference. Children with neuroticism are more prone to ASD. The incidence of ASD and its symptoms in children in the disaster areas is more serious. Conclusion The follow-up of children in disaster-stricken areas should be followed up and long-term necessary psychological assistance should be provided.