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语言学的行为学研究表明,“女性的语言能力优于男性”。神经认知语言学家推测:这可能源于女性的语言双侧侧化。为了验证这一推断,他们应用ERP,fMRI和PET等手段开展大量研究,但结论迥异。本文运用荟萃分析,对从1995年到2008年使用fMRI技术研究男女语言神经机制差异的文章进行量化统计,并分析影响荟萃分析结果的各种因素。结果显示:1)男女在语言认知的神经机制上不存在显著性差异;2)不同因素的亚组分析表明,只有听看故事的语言任务存在语言认知的性别差异。本研究表明,行为学上的性别差异并不来源于神经机制的差异,未来研究可以尝试从认知和社会因素等角度对其进行解释。
Linguistic behavioral studies have shown that “women have better language skills than men.” Neurocognitive linguists speculate: This may stem from bilateral language side of the female. In order to test this hypothesis, they used a large number of studies using ERP, fMRI and PET, but the conclusions are very different. This paper uses meta-analysis to quantify the articles that used fMRI techniques to study differences in neural mechanisms between men and women from 1995 to 2008 and to analyze the various factors that influence the outcome of the meta-analysis. The results showed that: 1) there was no significant difference in the neural mechanism between men and women in language cognition; 2) subgroup analysis of different factors showed that only gender differences in linguistic cognition exist in language tasks listening to stories. This study shows that behavioral gender differences do not result from differences in neural mechanisms, and that future studies may try to explain them from a cognitive and social perspective.