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引言Farber 于1950年发现,乙硫氨基酪酸、2-氨基乙酰芴及3-甲基-4-二甲基胺苯等致癌物质可导致大鼠肝脏门脉周围区的上皮细胞增生,因这些增生的上皮细胞细胞核呈卵圆形,故将其命名为卵圆细胞(oval cells).后来研究发现其他组织器官在某些病理条件下也出现细胞核为卵圆形的细胞,为与其他组织器官的卵圆形细胞相区别,常将肝脏的这种卵圆形细胞称为肝脏卵圆细胞 (hepatic oval cells,HOC).一般认为,肝脏卵圆细胞直径为10-15μm,表达 OV-6、细胞角蛋白19、谷氨酰转肽酶、部分表达白蛋白及甲胎球蛋白,但不表达过氧化物酶,近年来研究发现,肝脏卵圆细胞膜表面也表达造血干细胞标志 Thy-1,并被认为是肝脏祖细胞.随着干细胞技术及研究的迅速发展,肝脏卵圆细胞已成为肝脏病学中的研究热点之一,本文将近年来的有关研究进行综述.
Introduction Farber discovered in 1950 that carcinogens such as ethylthiogamic butyrate, 2-aminoacetylfluorene and 3-methyl-4-dimethylaminobenzene can cause epithelial cell proliferation in the peri-hepatic portal area of rats, as these hyperplasias Of epithelial cells nucleus was oval, so it is named oval cells (oval cells) later study found that other tissues and organs under certain pathological conditions also appeared oval nucleus cells, with other tissues and organs Oval cells are often distinguished by the fact that this oval cell in the liver is called the hepatic oval cells (HOC) .It is generally believed that the oval cells of the liver are 10-15 μm in diameter and express OV-6, Keratin 19, glutamyl transpeptidase, partial expression of albumin and alpha fetuin, but does not express peroxydase, recent studies have found that the surface of the liver oval cell membrane also expressed hematopoietic stem cell marker Thy-1, and was Which is regarded as a hepatic progenitor cell.With the rapid development of stem cell technology and research, hepatic oval cells have become one of the hot topics in hepatology. This review summarizes recent studies.