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有色矿业活动是重金属释放进入环境的重要来源,而中国是世界上重要的铅、锌生产和消费大国之一。估算中国铅、锌矿产资源开发活动中铅、锌的累计采出量和环境释放通量。截至2007年底,在中国大陆铅、锌累计采出量分别为6.69和12.59Mt。通过铅锌矿采矿、选矿和冶炼3种方式进入周围环境的铅、锌通量分别为1.62和3.32Mt,分别占铅、锌累计采出量的24.39%和26.36%。在上述3种矿业活动方式中,选矿活动对铅、锌的环境释放通量贡献最大,分别占50.67%和45.51%。
Non-ferrous mining activities are an important source of heavy metal emissions into the environment, and China is one of the world’s major lead, zinc producers and consumers. To estimate the cumulative production of lead and zinc and the release flux of environment in China’s lead and zinc mineral resources development activities. As of the end of 2007, the cumulative lead and zinc production in mainland China was 6.69 and 12.59Mt respectively. The lead and zinc fluxes entering the surrounding environment through lead and zinc mining, ore dressing and smelting are 1.62 and 3.32Mt respectively, accounting for 24.39% and 26.36% of the total amount of lead and zinc respectively. Among the above three kinds of mining activities, mineral processing activities contributed the most to the environmental emission fluxes of lead and zinc, accounting for 50.67% and 45.51% respectively.