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采用常规方法测定颖果的鲜重、干重变化和籽粒中营养成分积累变化,同时用扫描电镜观察淀粉粒的形态变化的结果表明,籽粒中淀粉含量呈“S”型曲线变化;蛋白质含量先急剧下降后缓慢增加;可溶性糖和脂肪含量均呈单峰曲线变化;粗纤维含量呈“快—慢—快—慢”的变化。籽粒鲜重和可溶性糖、脂肪以及粗纤维含量均呈(极)显著的正相关,与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关;可溶性糖与脂肪含量呈正相关,与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关。鲜食甜玉米的最适宜采收期为授粉后25d;甜玉米淀粉粒呈现“裸露型”、“非裸露型”和“中间型”3种形态。
The changes of fresh weight, dry weight and nutrient content of caryopsis were determined by the conventional method. Meanwhile, the morphological changes of starch granules were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the starch content in the grain showed a curve of “S” The content of the first decreased slowly and then increased slowly; the soluble sugar and fat content showed a single peak curve changes; crude fiber content was “fast - slow - fast - slow ” changes. There was a (very) significant positive correlation between grain fresh weight and soluble sugar, fat and crude fiber content, but negatively correlated with protein content. Soluble sugar was positively correlated with fat content and negatively correlated with protein content. The most suitable harvest time of fresh sweet corn was 25 days after pollination. The starch grains of sweet corn presented three forms of “naked type”, “non-exposed type” and “intermediate type”.