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一、前言水泵是广泛使用的通用机械。据统计,每年水泵所消耗的电力约占全国电力消耗的20％左右。在水泵使用中所消耗的电力,并不完全用在输水上,其原因甚多,除了泵体结构本身造成部分能量消耗外,其余的因素有:设计中泵选用不当,使泵的运行点偏离高效区;配套电机容量过大,造成大马拉小车:水泵流量大大超过实际流量;变流量的工艺要求,水泵的配置不适应;水泵压力大大超过实际需要,等等。由于上述原因,水泵在使用中电能浪费很大,例如,由于水泵流量超过实际流量,为了节流,最常用的方式是用闸门节流,其结果是能量消耗在闸阀上。如某炼油厂共有471台水泵,闸门节流的电
I. INTRODUCTION Water pumps are widely used general-purpose machinery. According to statistics, the power consumed by pumps each year accounts for about 20% of the country’s electricity consumption. The power consumed in the use of water pumps is not completely used in water transportation. There are many reasons. In addition to the part of the pump body structure itself causing some energy consumption, the remaining factors are: Improper selection of pumps in the design, so that the pump operating point Departing from the high-efficiency zone; the capacity of the supporting motor is too large, resulting in a large horse-drawn cart: the flow rate of the pump greatly exceeds the actual flow rate; the process requirements of the variable flow rate, the configuration of the water pump are not adapted; the pressure of the pump greatly exceeds the actual need, and so on. Due to the above reasons, the electric energy consumption of the water pump during use is very large. For example, since the pump flow exceeds the actual flow rate, in order to throttle, the most common way is to throttle the gate, which results in energy consumption on the gate valve. If a refinery has a total of 471 pumps, the gate throttles electricity.