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【目的】探讨急性多发性后循环脑梗死的发病危险因素及病因。【方法】纳入急性多发性后循环脑梗死患者463例，根据磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)病灶特点将患者分为急性多发性脑梗死组(AMBI)以及急性单发脑梗死组(ASBI)，按改良TOAST分型标准对其进行病因分类。对其可能的危险因素分别行单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析，同时将其按年龄分为中青年组、老年组和高龄组，对可能危险因素行单因素分析。【结果】AM-BI组与 ASBI组相比，饮酒史、高脂血症及下肢血管斑块在两组间差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素 Logis-tic回归分析显示男性、高脂血症为 AMBI组独立危险因素。在病因学上两组间差异无统计学意义。在 AMBI组内各年龄段的比较中，中青年饮酒、吸烟较多见(P <0.05)，老年人群以心脏疾病多见(P <0.05)。【结论】高脂血症及性别(男性)是急性多发性后循环脑梗死 AMBI的独立危险因素，中青年急性多发性后循环脑梗死 AMBI患者以吸烟及饮酒史较常见，而心脏疾病更多见于老年及高龄后循环 AMBI患者。“,”Obj ective]To evaluate the risk factors and etiologic patterns of Acute Multiple Brain Infarcts in the Posterior Circulation.[Methods]The 463 patients with acute cerebral infraction were enrolled.The patients were divided into acute multiple brain infarction(AMBI)group and acute single brain infarction (ASBI)group according to the lesion patterns on diffusion weighted imaging(DWI).The classification of etiology of the brain infarction was down based on the Trail of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment(TOAST).The patients were divided into young and middle-aged group,old-aged group and advanced-aged group.Then single variable analysis and the lo-gistic regression analysis were conducted.[Results]There were significant statistical differences in drinking,hy-perlipidemia and lower limb vascular patch between the AMBI group and ASBI group(P <0.05).The logistic re-gression analysis showed that man(OR=2.833,95%CI:1.200~6.688)and hyperlipidemia(OR=2.332,95%CI:1.342~4.052)were independent risk factors for AMBI group.In the comparison of different ages in AMBI group, risk factors like drinking and smoking were more common in young and middle-aged patients(P <0.05).Heart disease was usual in old-aged patients(P =0.001).[Conclusion]Male and hyperlipidemia were independent risk factors for AMBI group.Smoking and drinking behaviors were commonest in young and middle-aged patients in AMBI group,and heart disease in old and advanced-aged patients.