孔子生活的时代是诸侯国割据的乱世。当是时也,天下大乱,君主荒淫无道,凭武力和手段获取霸权;臣民犯上作乱,皆欲取而代之;为人父者,治家不力,妻小不安;为人子者,家庭不和,父母无靠——不仁,不义,不忠,不孝,君不君,臣不臣,父不父,子不子……此之谓“礼崩乐坏”。于是孔子呼吁:克己复礼。不能克己,则“人而不仁,如礼何?人而不仁,如乐何?”①礼 The time of Confucius’s life is the chaotic world of vassal states. When the time is also, the chaos in the world, the monarchs absurd without the road, by force and means to obtain hegemony; subjects committed crimes, all want to be replaced; father, poor governance, wife uneasy; man, family disagreement, parents By - heartless, unjust, unfaithful, unfilial, you do not Jun, Chen Chenchen, father not father, son not son ... ... So Confucius called for self-denial. Can not be self-denial, then "people and not benevolence, such as the ceremony?