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依据中美原油进口源地数据,运用网络分析法,比较了中美原油进口贸易空间结构的演化轨迹与特征。研究表明,相同的认知活动使两国的原油进口策略取向变得一致。1993年后,美中原油进口来源国数量有着几乎相同的增长趋势;但美国原油进口权重基本趋于平稳,中国原油进口权重基本处于上升通道中,同时中美贸易联系不仅存在强度上的差异,分区域的强度次序也存在重大差异;美国原油进口空间格局的权重熵经历了由高到低的演变,权重熵的比较揭示出1993年之后中国原油进口系统有序性要低于美国。以上结果表明追求多元化不应以均质化为目标,不同的主体要依据各自所面临的客观环境选择适合自己的区域合作伙伴,才能更好的落实多元化进口策略,切实解决可能面临的石油供给危机。
Based on the data of the sources of oil imports between China and the United States, the evolutionary trajectory and characteristics of the spatial structure of China-US crude oil import trade were compared by using network analysis. Research shows that the same cognitive activity has brought the two countries’ crude oil import strategy in line. After 1993, the number of oil-importing countries in the United States has almost the same trend of growth; however, the weight of the United States crude oil import has basically stabilized and the weight of China’s crude oil import has basically been on the rise. At the same time, there are not only differences in strength between China and the United States in trade ties, The order of intensity of the subregion also has significant differences. The weight entropy of the space pattern of the US crude oil imports has gone through an evolution from high to low. The comparison of the weight entropy reveals that the orderliness of Chinese crude oil import system after 1993 is lower than that of the United States. The above results show that pursuing diversification should not aim at homogenization. Different entities should choose their own regional partners according to the objective environment they are facing, so as to better implement the diversified import strategy and effectively solve the problems that oil may face Supply crisis.