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为开发一种新的铌铁冶炼工艺,实现综合利用国内包头白云鄂博特殊矿的铁-铌-稀土资源,进行了含铌尾矿冶炼新工艺的基础性研究。由热力学分析可知,标准状态下,C直接还原NbO的温度(1 489℃)比还原FeO的温度(705℃)高得多,所以可以通过罐式法直接还原含铌尾矿,先还原铁,分离铁与铌氧化物,使铌富集在渣中,达到铌铁分离的目的,然后再还原铌氧化物。并在此基础上,将含铌尾矿的还原效果与铁精矿的进行对比与分析,确定最佳的还原工艺和操作参数。综合各种因素,通过对3种不同装料方式罐式法还原试验的比较分析,认为最适合的还原工艺参数为:950℃饼状罐式法还原,还原时间4 h。
In order to develop a new niobium iron smelting process and realize the comprehensive utilization of iron-niobium-rare earth resources in Baotou Bayan Obo Special Mine in Baotou, China, the basic research on a new smelting niobium tailing technology was carried out. From the thermodynamic analysis, it can be seen that the temperature of the direct reduction of NbO (1 489 ℃) under C is much higher than the temperature of the reduced FeO (705 ℃) under the standard state, so that the niobium- Separation of iron and niobium oxide, niobium enrichment in the slag, niobium iron to achieve the purpose of separation, and then restore the niobium oxide. And on this basis, the reduction effect of niobium-bearing tailings is compared with that of iron concentrates to determine the optimal reduction process and operating parameters. Based on a variety of factors, through the comparative analysis of the tank reduction test of three different loading methods, the most suitable reduction process parameters are: 950 ℃ pancake tank method reduction, reduction time 4 h.