The aim of this study was to explore the effect of Cus officinalis glucosides (COG) on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats and its mechanism. Seventy-two rats were divided into six groups of normal, model, Dexasone (0. 125 mg/kg), high-dose COG (240 mg/kg), mid-dose COG (120 mg/kg),and low-dose COG (60 mg/kg). Rat arthritis was induced by injection of Freund’s complete adjuvant in the hind paws. All treatment started from the day the arthritis was induced. The edema degree of the adjuvant injection location was determined on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 20, 23 and the opposite side was observed on days 11, 13, 15, 17, 20, 23 after the injection of adjuvant. All rats were sacrificed on day 24 after the injection of adjuvant for microscopic examination of the ankle, and for the study of the immunological molecular mechanism. The results showed that the COG significantly suppressed both the primary and secondary edema, improved pathological injuries of adjuvant arthritis (AA)rat ankles, significantly suppressed the proliferation of T lymphocytes and DTH reaction. It significantly suppressed IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α production from peritoneal macrophages and PGE2 in plasma. In conclusion, the Cus officinalis glucosides (COG) is able to prevent and cure the rat adjuvant-induced arthritis, and can suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2.