目的探讨“肺合大肠”中医脏腑相关理论实验基础。方法复制大鼠直肠半结扎模型,观察心、肝、肾、肺和肠等器官的形态学改变,观察肺泡灌洗液细胞分类计数变化以及大承气汤的干预效果。结果解扎组大鼠直肠黏膜层变薄,平滑肌萎缩;肺脏表现有间质性炎症,局部可见肺泡扩张,肺出血,肺泡壁破裂,肺气肿样改变,周边肺泡塌陷、不张;其他脏器未见明显病变;肺泡灌洗液中淋巴细胞数量增多。大承气汤治疗后上述变化明显减轻。持续结扎组病变较解扎组更为明显。结论肠道病变可引起特异性的肺脏损害;治疗肠道病变,肺脏损害亦随之减轻,从一个侧面印证了中医“肺合大肠”脏腑相关理论,肺-肠病理生理存在一定的相关性及互动调节现象。 Objective To explore the experimental basis of theory related to “intestine of lung and colon”. Methods The model of rectum ligation in rats was duplicated. Morphological changes of heart, liver, kidney, lung and intestine were observed. The changes of cell count and count of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the intervention effect of Dachengqi Decoction were observed. Results The rectal mucosa of the rats in solution group became thinner and the atrophy of smooth muscle was observed. Interstitial inflammation was observed in the lungs. Local expansion of the alveoli, pulmonary hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar wall, emphysema-like changes, alveolar collapse and atelectasis were observed No obvious pathological changes; alveolar lavage fluid lymphocytes increased. Dachengqi Decoction treatment significantly reduced the above changes. Continuous ligation group than the solution group more obvious solution group. Conclusions Intestinal lesions can cause specific damage to the lungs. In the treatment of intestinal diseases, lung damage is also reduced. From one aspect, it is proved that there is some correlation between the theory of pathophysiology and the pathophysiology of lung-intestine Sexual and interactive regulation.