一、图式的概念及其作用图式（Schema）是由过去的经验或背景知识组成的。任何语言材料，无论是口头的还是书面的，本身并无意义，它只指导读者如何根据自己原有的知识，恢复或构成意义，这就是图式理论。根据这一理论，阅读理解首先是输入一定的信息，然后在记忆中寻找能够说 First, the concept of schemata and its role Schema is composed of past experience or background knowledge. Any linguistic material, whether oral or written, is meaningless in itself. It only guides the reader how to restore or form meaning according to his or her own knowledge. This is the schema theory. According to this theory, reading comprehension begins with inputting certain information and then searching in memory for the ability to say