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建国以来,苹果生产的发展很快,但产量仍然较低。1958年以前,山东省成龄苹果平均亩产不足1,000斤,1958年大跃进以后,生产水平有了很大提高,各地出现了许多高产典型,有的丰产园亩产达到万斤以上,但多数不能稳产,并在2-3年高产以后,产量即迅速下降,甚至树势衰弱或植株枯死。因此,克服苹果大小年现象,以期获得连年稳定丰产,是多年来生产上迫切要求解决的根本问题。 我所从1957年起,采用领导、技术人员与工人三结合的方法,进行了苹果丰产稳产综合技术的研究。现将几年来进行情况及初步体会总结如下:
Since the founding of the PRC, apple production has developed rapidly, but the output is still low. Before 1958, the average yield of mature apples in Shandong Province was less than 1,000 pounds per mu. After the Great Leap Forward in 1958, the production level had been greatly improved. Many high-yield typical products appeared in various places, Can not be stable, and after 2-3 years of high yield, the output is rapidly declining, and even the tree is weak or dead plants. Therefore, overcoming the annual size of the apple in order to obtain a steady and high yield in successive years is the fundamental issue that has been pressing for solution in many years. Since 1957, I have used the method of combining leaders, technicians and workers to carry out the research on the comprehensive technology of high and stable yield of apple. The past few years to carry out the situation and the initial experience is summarized as follows: