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美国是世界第二大产油国,油田主要分布在墨西哥沿岸和加利福尼亚、德克萨斯州和宾夕法尼亚州。2010年墨西哥湾发生漏油事件后,美国油田开发商油田环保意识大大加强。美国每个州都会有不同监管部门负责油田开发及运营中的环保监管工作。美国对油田的监管采取划江而治的政策,监管较少但职责广泛,有效避免了各部门间的协调难题。各州在法律体制上的不同,每个州的监管部门也不同。例如,德克萨斯州的主要监管部门是德州铁路委员会,最早负责德克萨斯州的铁路交通,后由于铁路沿线发现油田,则同时监管区域内的油田开发工作。科罗拉多州的机构是当地油气资源委员会,宾夕法尼亚
The United States is the second largest oil producer in the world with oil fields mainly on the Mexican coast and in California, Texas and Pennsylvania. After the oil spill occurred in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, the environmental awareness of oilfield developers in the United States has been greatly enhanced. Each state in the United States will have different regulators responsible for environmental regulation in oilfield development and operations. The United States has adopted a policy of zoning the river to regulate its oilfields. With less regulation but a wide range of responsibilities, the United States has effectively avoided the coordination problems among various departments. Each state has different legal systems and different regulatory agencies in each state. For example, Texas’s main regulatory authority is the Texas Railroad Commission, which was the first to handle rail traffic in Texas. Later, as oil fields were discovered along the railways, oilfield developments in the region were also overseeing. Colorado’s agency is the local oil and gas resources committee, Pennsylvania