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磁轴承电机系统高速运行时,转子需超越其一阶弯曲临界,超临界控制器的设计非常关键。为设计出能有效阻尼一阶弯曲模态振动的控制器,首先需对高速电机转子系统进行动力学分析,建立系统状态空间模型,以此为基础开展控制器研究工作。由于实际模型参数与理论模型存在差异,且难以精确获取,在控制器设计中,采用了相位整形技术。通过该方法,可基于试验测定的模态频率值,设计结构简单的控制器,有效提升磁轴承系统对转子一阶弯曲临界振动的阻尼效果。仿真与试验结果均证明了控制器的有效性,最终实现转子系统在高于48 000 r.min-1的转速下,平稳超越一阶弯曲临界,并成功运行到81 840 r.min-1。
When the magnetic bearing motor system runs at high speed, the rotor needs to surpass the first-order bending critical, and the design of the supercritical controller is very critical. In order to design a controller that can effectively dampen the first-order bending mode vibration, the dynamic analysis of the rotor system of high-speed motor needs to be done first, and the system state space model is established. Based on this, the controller research work is carried out. Due to the difference between the actual model parameters and the theoretical model, and it is difficult to acquire accurately, the phase shaping technique is adopted in the controller design. By this method, the controller with simple structure can be designed based on the modal frequency values determined experimentally, which can effectively enhance the damping effect of the magnetic bearing system on the first-order critical bending vibration of the rotor. Simulation and test results prove the effectiveness of the controller. Finally, the rotor system smoothly exceeds the first-order criticality and reaches 81 840 r.min-1 at a speed above 48 000 r.min-1.