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[目的]研究不同类型小麦品种适宜的追肥时期是否存在差异。[方法]选用3个具有代表性的小麦品种(济麦22、临麦4号、LN66),研究氮肥不同追肥时期对小麦分蘖动态及产量构成因素的影响。[结果]适时将小麦的追肥时期后移,可以提高小麦产量。不同小麦品种适宜的追肥时期是有差异的。对于大多数小麦品种(如济麦22和临麦4号),氮肥的适宜追肥时期为拔节期;对于生长后期有早衰迹象的小麦品种(如LN66),开花期追肥较为适宜。[结论]在小麦生产过程中应根据小麦的品种特性适期追肥。
[Objective] The research aimed to study whether there is difference in suitable top-dressing period of different types of wheat varieties. [Method] Three representative wheat cultivars (Jimai 22, Linmai 4 and LN66) were selected to study the tillering dynamics and yield components of wheat under different top dressing periods. [Result] The wheat top-dressing period was shifted back in time, which could improve the wheat yield. Different varieties of wheat top dressing time is different. For most wheat cultivars (such as Jimai 22 and Linmai 4), the suitable top-dressing period of nitrogen fertilizer was jointing stage. For wheat cultivars with signs of premature aging (such as LN66) in late growth stage, top dressing was more suitable during flowering stage. [Conclusion] Appropriate top dressing should be based on the characteristics of wheat during the wheat production.