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CO_2热泵热电池系统由跨临界二氧化碳水源热泵与蓄冷蓄热装置组成,其在储能过程中系统的效率会逐渐降低。本文实验研究了CO_2热泵热电池的储能性能,分析了储冷罐、储热罐循环水体积流量、压缩机频率和电子膨胀阀开度对储能效率的影响。结果表明:低循环水流量既可使储能罐获得良好的温度分层,又能获得较大的换热量;压缩机频率越高,系统效率越大;同时电子膨胀阀开度也影响系统的储能效率。当压缩机频率为50 Hz,电子膨胀阀开度为330脉冲,储冷罐、储热罐循环水体积流量分别为0.2 m~3/h、0.1 m~3/h时,总体COP最大,为5.49。同时数学拟合了系统COP与储冷罐、储热罐出水温度、控制参数的关联式,提出了一种基于遗传算法的优化控制策略,系统总COP可达6.29。
CO_2 heat pump thermal battery system consists of transcritical carbon dioxide water source heat pump and thermal storage device, which in the process of energy storage efficiency will be gradually reduced. In this paper, the energy storage performance of CO_2 heat pump thermal battery was experimentally studied, and the influence of the volume flow of circulating water in storage tank, storage tank, compressor frequency and electronic expansion valve on energy storage efficiency was analyzed. The results show that the low circulating water flow can not only make the storage tank get good temperature stratification, but also get a larger heat transfer; the higher the compressor frequency, the greater the system efficiency; the same time, the opening of the electronic expansion valve also affects the system Energy storage efficiency. When the compressor frequency is 50 Hz, the electronic expansion valve opening is 330 pulses, the volume flow of cooling water storage tank and storage tank circulating water are respectively 0.2 m ~ 3 / h and 0.1 m ~ 3 / h, the overall COP is the maximum 5.49. At the same time, the correlation between system COP and storage tank, storage tank outlet temperature and control parameters is mathematically fitted, and an optimal control strategy based on genetic algorithm is proposed. The total COP of the system can reach 6.29.