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对中国春小麦(2n=42)×苏联球茎大麦(2n=28)属间杂种B_1F_2代49个单株和B_2F_1(B_1F_1×中国春5B小麦)8个单株的植株性状、育性和染色体进行了观察。 B_1F_2代49个植株在株型、分蘖数、叶形、穗型、芒型和结实率等性状方面都有一定的分离。穗型有疏和密的分离;芒有钩芒与直芒的分离;旗叶有直与曲的分离;单株分蘖数在0—35个之间;结实率在0—20％之间。在花粉母细胞减数分裂的终变期或中期Ⅰ有24—28个二价体,染色体总数为48—56条,说明在B_1F_2代中除具有中国春全组的染色体外,还保留着成对的球茎大麦的染色体。因此,有希望在后代中选出在小麦染色体组中添加数条球茎大麦染色体的新附加系。 B_2F_1代8个植株,其穗型与母本近似,结实率为8.33—39.12％,染色体数为42—52条,其中以46条染色体的为多。
Plant traits, fertility and chromosomes of 49 individuals of B 2 F 2 generation and 2 plants of B 2 F 1 (B 1F 1 × Spring Spring 5B) were detected in two Chinese spring wheat (2n = 42) × Soviet Union corms barley (2n = 28) Observed. 49 plants from B_1F_2 were segregated in plant type, tiller number, leaf shape, panicle type, grain type and seed setting rate. Sparse and dense panicle separation; Mans has a hook Mangma and straight mandarin separation; flag leaves straight and song separation; tillers per plant number between 0-35; seed setting rate between 0-20%. At the terminal or metaphase Ⅰ of meiosis of pollen mother cells, there are 24-28 bivalents with 48-56 chromosomes, which indicates that in addition to the chromosomes of Chinese spring group, The chromosomes of the bulbous barley. Therefore, it is promising to choose among future generations new addition lines that incorporate several chromosomes of the bulbous barley in the genome of the wheat genome. The B_2F_1 generation of 8 plants had a similar panicle to the female parent with a seed setting rate of 8.33-39.12% and a chromosome number of 42-52, of which 46 were chromosomal.