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在胎儿、儿童和成人组织中存在的多潜能干细胞统称成体干细胞。成体干细胞具有自我更新的能力,并且可以分化成与其来源不同的其他组织类型的细胞。一种组织来源的干细胞可分化成各种类型的细胞,即干细胞可塑性。成体干细胞可塑性是成体干细胞应用于临床的基础,但对干细胞可塑性机制的认识学术界仍存在较大的争议,先后有学者提出脱分化、异质细胞群体和细胞融合等学说,但都不能完全解释成体干细胞的可塑性。近年来的研究提示,成体组织中存在多潜能干细胞,我们发现在胚胎发育后的多种组织中都存在一类原始干细胞群体,在体内、外的特殊环境下,这类原始干细胞可分化为不同胚层的组织细胞,我们称其为亚全能干细胞。亚全能干细胞是存在于人体多种组织中的分化潜能介于从人体胚胎干细胞逐渐形成组织多能干细胞的发育过程中的一种原始干细胞亚群。
The pluripotent stem cells present in fetal, child and adult tissues are collectively referred to as adult stem cells. Adult stem cells have the ability to self-renew and differentiate into cells of other tissue types than their origin. A tissue-derived stem cell can differentiate into various types of cells, stem cell plasticity. Adult stem cell plasticity is the basis of clinical application of adult stem cells, but the understanding of the mechanism of stem cell plasticity is still controversial in academia. Some scholars have put forward the doctrine of dedifferentiation, heterogeneous cell population and cell fusion, but they can not be fully explained Plasticity of adult stem cells. In recent years, research suggests that there are pluripotent stem cells in adult tissues. We found a primitive stem cell population exists in many tissues after embryonic development. Under the special environment of inside and outside, these primitive stem cells can differentiate into different Germ cells, which we call sub-totipotent stem cells. Sub-totipotent stem cells are a subset of primary stem cells that exist in many tissues of the human body and have a differentiation potential ranging from the development of tissue pluripotent stem cells from human embryonic stem cells.