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2011-2013年,调查了我国黄河和长江流域6省70县(市)200块棉田和不同栽培模式下棉花烂铃病发生情况,田间试验评价了棉花品种对烂铃病的抗性,采用离体棉铃人工接种方法分析了棉铃烂铃主要病原菌的致病力分化情况。结果表明:(1)所有调查的棉田均有棉花烂铃病发生,其中,棉铃疫病在各地发生最为普遍而且严重,仍属于我国黄河和长江流域棉区的最主要的棉花烂铃病,其病原菌为苎麻疫霉(Phytophthora boehmeriae)。(2)与春棉直播模式相比,3种套种模式均能显著减少棉花烂铃病的发生,其中麦-棉-西瓜12:2:1种植模式的防效最好,减少烂铃72.96%。(3)河北、山东和河南三省审定的50个棉花品种对棉花烂铃病的抗性存在显著差异,其中邯7860、邯棉103、锦科178、百棉1号和郑农棉4号等5个品种对棉花烂铃病表现了较好的抗性,单株烂铃低于3.0个。(4)苎麻疫霉在棉铃上的致病力存在显著分化。
In 2011-2013, 200 cotton fields in 70 counties (cities) in 6 provinces and 6 provinces of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River valley of China were surveyed. The cotton bolls were tested for their susceptibility to Asiatic rotten bollworm by using field experiments. The boll boll artificial inoculation method was used to analyze the pathogenicity differentiation of the main pathogens of cotton bolls. The results showed as follows: (1) Cotton bollworm disease occurred in all cotton fields investigated. Among them, bollworm disease was the most common and serious in various parts of the world and still belonged to the most important cotton bollworm disease in the Yellow River and the Yangtze River valley. Phytophthora boehmeriae. (2) All three intercropping patterns could significantly reduce the occurrence of cotton bollworm disease compared with the direct seeding of spring cotton. Among them, the control effect of cotton-watermelon 12: 2: 1 planting pattern was the best, which reduced 72.96% . (3) The resistance of 50 cotton varieties tested in Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces to cotton bollworm disease were significantly different, including Handan 7860, Handan 103, Jinke 178, Baimian 1 and Zhengnongmian 4 Five varieties of cotton bollworm showed good resistance, less than 3.0 single rotten bolls. (4) The pathogenicity of P. ramie on cotton bolls was significantly different.