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在反垄断法视野下,知识产权强制许可可以作为知识产权拒绝许可导致或者可能导致的排除、限制竞争效果而实施的一项救济措施。在欧美反垄断司法实践中,必要设施理论都曾作为知识产权强制许可的适用标准。但是必要设施理论在欧美一直存在争议,自Trinko案之后,美国几乎废除了对该理论的适用,在欧盟这一理论的适用标准一直处于变迁中。而中国应借鉴必要设施理论完善知识产权强制许可在反垄断中的适用。
Under the antitrust law, the compulsory licensing of intellectual property rights can be used as a remedy that intellectual property refuses the license to cause or may cause exclusion and restrict the competition effect. In the anti-trust judicial practice in Europe and the United States, the necessary facilities theory has been applied as a compulsory license for intellectual property. However, the necessary facility theory has been controversial in Europe and the United States. Since the Trinko case, the United States almost abolished the application of this theory. The applicable standard of the EU theory has been changing. And China should learn from the necessary facilities theory to improve the compulsory licensing of intellectual property in antitrust.