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他汀类药物通过抑制羟甲基戊二酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶,上调脑组织内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)的表达和活化,升高血清过氧化氢酶和血浆NO浓度,增强抗氧化能力,降低氧自由基含量,改善紧密连接的闭锁小带和跨膜蛋白以及星形胶质细胞的胶质纤维酸性蛋白的免疫反应性。他汀类药物还可能发挥与抑制HMG-CoA还原酶完全无关的效应,即与白细胞功能抗原-1的L位点结合,抑制其与细胞间黏附分子-1之间的相互作用,起到抗炎和免疫调节作用。以上机制均有助于保持病理情况下血脑屏障的完整性和星形胶质细胞的功能。
Statins increase serum catalase and plasma NO concentrations by upregulating the expression and activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in brain tissue by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase , Enhances the antioxidant capacity, decreases the oxygen free radical content, and improves the immunoreactivity of the tight junctional zonular and transmembrane proteins and glial fibrillary acidic protein of astrocytes. Statins may also exert a completely unrelated effect of inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase by binding to the L site of leukocyte antigen-1, inhibiting its interaction with ICAM-1, and acting as an anti-inflammatory And immune regulation. The above mechanisms all help to maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and the function of astrocytes under pathological conditions.