彼得·约瑟夫·威廉·德拜(1884-1966),近代著名物理化学家,荣获1936年诺贝尔化学奖。他定义了分子偶极距、建立德拜模型、提出溶液的德拜-休克尔理论并提出用X射线粉末照相测定晶体结构的方法,被以他的名字命名了“德拜长度”“、德拜温度”和偶极距的单位。同时,在与德国纳粹的关系上,德拜又饱受争议。 Peter Joseph William Debye (1884-1966), a famous modern physicist, won the 1936 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He defined the molecular dipole moment, established the Debye model, proposed the Debye-Hickel theory of the solution and proposed a method of determining the crystal structure by X-ray powder photography, which was named after his “Debye length” “Debye temperature” and the unit of dipole distance. At the same time, Debye is controversial on its relations with the Nazis in Germany.