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目的了解青少年伤害相关行为流行现况及其影响因素,为制订有效的健康教育措施预防青少年伤害发生提供参考。方法参考“中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷”自行设计调查问卷,对随机选取的广西、四川、山东、甘肃4省892名中学生进行自填式匿名调查,采用χ2检验进行统计分析。结果非故意伤害行为中,学生去不安全场所游泳和滑冰行为发生率为9.4%和12.2%。男生骑车违规、步行违规、去不安全场所游泳/滑冰行为发生率均高于女生(P值均<0.05);故意伤害行为中,20.3%的中学生曾与他人动手打架,男生明显高于女生,初中生高于高中生,独生子女高于非独生子女(P值均<0.05);中学生孤独感检出率为17.5%;中学生自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀未遂检出率分别为9.8%,2.9%,1.5%,高中生高于初中生,城市学生高于农村学生,独生子女高于非独生子女(P值均<0.05)。结论青少年同时存在多种故意伤害和非故意伤害行为,需要特别关注青少年的自杀问题。
Objective To understand the status quo of juvenile injury-related behavioral epidemic and its influencing factors, and to provide reference for the development of effective health education measures to prevent adolescent injuries. Methods A total of 892 middle school students in 4 randomly selected Guangxi, Sichuan, Shandong and Gansu provinces were investigated by self-designed questionnaire with the self-designed survey questionnaire, based on the questionnaire “China Youth Health Related Behavior Questionnaire”. The χ2 test was used for statistical analysis. Results In unintentional injuries, the incidence of swimming and skating activities in unsafe places was 9.4% and 12.2% respectively. The incidence of boys’ cycling violations, walking irregularities and swimming / skating in unsafe places were higher than those of girls (P <0.05). Among the intentional injuries, 20.3% of middle school students had fights with others and the boys were significantly higher than girls (P <0.05). The detection rate of loneliness among middle school students was 17.5%. The detection rate of suicide ideation, suicide plan and attempted suicide among middle school students was 9.8%, while that of middle school students was higher than that of high school students, 2.9% and 1.5% respectively. High school students were higher than junior high school students, urban students were higher than rural students, single children were higher than non-only children (P <0.05). Conclusions There are many kinds of intentional injuries and unintentional injuries in adolescents at the same time. Special attention should be paid to the suicide of teenagers.