本文从劳动关系历史、劳动关系相关方,劳动关系制度、最新动向等方面的对作为产业革命和劳动运动起始国的英国和代表现代资本主义的美国进行了比较分析,并在此基础上探讨资本主义国家劳动关系发展对中国的启示和意义。通过分析,英美两国的劳动关系结构大致相似,两国都是在维持自愿主义(voluntarism)传统上,以劳资双方对立性团体交涉作为劳动关系的基本结构。同时通过比较也发现了两国在劳资双方间的基本权利和责任分担,立场对立时的交涉和调停,劳资间对等的集体合同等方面的相似之处。不仅如此,近来英美两国工会创建比率和劳动争议的下降、工会成员的减少及经营管理权限的增强使两国的劳动运动都逐渐呈现萎缩的趋势。与此相反,两国的不同之处在于,英国的工会提倡集体谈判和政治性活动,追求稳健改革主义,而美国的工会则是在集体谈判的基础上提倡非政治性的商业工会主义。 This article makes a comparative analysis of Britain, which started the industrial revolution and the labor movement, and the United States, which represents the modern capitalism, in the history of labor relations, the parties to labor relations, the labor relations system, the latest trends, and on this basis The Enlightenment and Significance of Labor Relations Development in Capitalist Countries to China. Through analysis, the structure of labor relations between the United States and the United States is roughly similar. Both countries have traditionally held voluntarism as the basic structure in which labor and management engage in opposition parties as the labor relations. At the same time, we also find similarities between the two countries in terms of sharing the basic rights and responsibilities between employers and employees, negotiating and mediating positions against each other, and collective contracts between employers and employees. Moreover, recent labor union movements in both the United States and the United States have been gradually shrinking due to the recent decline in unionization rates and labor disputes, the reduction of trade union membership and the increase of management and administration power. On the contrary, the differences between the two countries lie in the fact that trade unions in Britain advocate collective bargaining and political activities and pursue prudent reformism, whereas U.S. unions advocate non-political commercial trade unionism on the basis of collective bargaining.