近代中国资本主义的发展历史,同时也是其近代资本主义劳资关系的发展历史。近代中国资本主义生产关系和阶级关系的特殊性和复杂性,使其劳资关系表现出与西方近代资本主义劳资关系迥然不同的特征。考察近代中国资本主义劳资关系的历史发展可以看出,中国民族资本主义工业的产生过程与西方资本主义国家不同,大多资本较少、规模很小、设备陈旧、技术落后、成本过高、市场狭小,企业分布很集中,主要设立在沿海、沿江通商口岸,与外国资本势力、本国封建势力之间存在既依赖又矛盾的双重关系。中国近代的产业工人分布很集中,大多数出身于破产的农民和手工业者,身受外国资本主义、本国封建势力和资产阶级的三重压迫,其压迫的残酷性和严重性,其生活状况之恶劣程度,为世界各国所罕见。中国近代资本主义的生产关系和阶级关系、劳资关系及其基本特征、劳资冲突及其处理有其自身的发展历程。其雇佣劳动是资本主义、殖民主义、封建主义乃至奴隶制的一个大杂烩,旧中国的政府也颁布过一些劳动立法,但没有从根本上解决劳资冲突问题。风起云涌的工人阶级罢工斗争孕育着新的社会变革。 The history of the development of modern Chinese capitalism is also the history of the development of the capitalist labor relations in modern times. The peculiarity and complexity of the capitalist production relations and the class relations in modern China have shown that the relations between the labor and capital are quite different from the capitalist modern capitalist relations in the West. Looking at the historical development of the capitalist labor relations in modern China, we can see that unlike the western capitalist countries, the process of the emergence of Chinese national capitalist industry is mostly with less capital, small scale, outdated equipment, backward technology, high cost and small market . The distribution of enterprises is very concentrated. It is mainly based on the coastal areas and the treaty ports along the Yangtze River. It has a dual relationship of dependence and contradiction with the forces of foreign capital and its own feudal forces. The distribution of industrial workers in modern China was very concentrated. Most of the peasants and handicraftsmen who came from bankruptcy suffered from the triple oppression of foreign capitalism, their own feudal forces and the bourgeoisie. The cruelty and seriousness of their oppression and their poor living conditions , Rare for all countries in the world. The capitalist relations of production and class in modern China, the relations between labor and capital and their basic characteristics, the conflicts between labor and capital and their handling have their own development history. The hired labor is a hodgepodge of capitalism, colonialism, feudalism and even slavery. The old Chinese government also promulgated some labor legislation, but it did not fundamentally solve the problem of labor-capital conflicts. The surging struggle for a working class strike breeds new social changes.