目的了解深圳市龙岗区水产品及外环境水体中副溶血性弧菌的污染状况、血清型分布及携带耐热直接溶血素(tdh)毒力基因情况。方法 2009年6～10月于深圳市龙岗区所属的各酒店、超市、农贸市场、水产品经销市场等地采集包括生蚝、贝类、虾、蟹、鱼等鲜活的海水及淡水产品共279份。采集河水、池塘水、水库水、各海岸、市场、宾馆以及曾暴发霍乱疫点生活污水、养殖水、海水等共227份样品,通过实时荧光聚合酶链反应(PCR)法对副溶血性弧菌初筛后进行常规分离培养,并对分离株进行血清学分型、携带tdh产毒基因情况进行分析。结果共分离到副溶血性弧菌188株,其血清群呈多样化,最主要的为O2群(25.0%),其次为O3群(10.1%)、O1群(6.4%)、O10群(6.4%)。结论深圳市龙岗区水产品和外环境水体中副溶血性弧菌的带菌率较高且血清型呈现多样性,并与食物中毒分离株血清型存在差异。 Objective To investigate the contamination status, serotype distribution and virulence genes of thermophilic direct hemolysin (tdh) in aquatic products and external environment water in Longgang District of Shenzhen City. Methods From June to October 2009, fresh seawater and freshwater products such as oysters, shellfish, shrimp, crab and fish were collected from all hotels, supermarkets, farmers’ markets and aquatic products distribution markets in Longgang District, Shenzhen for a total of 279 Copies A total of 227 samples of river water, pond water, reservoir water, seashores, markets, hotels and domestic sewage, aquaculture water and seawater which have been outbreaks of cholera epidemic were collected and analyzed by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR) After screening, the bacteria were routinely isolated and cultured, and the serotypes of the isolates were analyzed. The tdh toxigenic gene was analyzed. Results A total of 188 Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains were isolated and their serogroups were diversified. The main groups were O2 (25.0%), followed by O3 (10.1%), O1 (6.4%) and O10 %). Conclusion The prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products and external environment waters in Longgang District of Shenzhen City is high and the serotypes are highly diverse. The serotypes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus are different from the serotypes of food poisoning isolates.