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目的研究珠海市诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发的分子流行病学特征及流行株基因型的演化情况。方法收集珠海市2011年-2013年28起胃肠炎暴发疫情患者肛拭子标本619份,采用荧光逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)定性检测诺如病毒RNA,按要求选取部分诺如病毒RNA阳性标本扩增诺如病毒衣壳蛋白,进行测序及同源性分析。结果其中17起疫情由诺如病毒感染引发,检测阳性率为19.55%(121/619);选取诺如病毒RNA阳性标本57份进行测序分型,成功分型的标本为47份,全部为No V GⅡ,14株为GⅡ.4型(其中5株为GⅡ.4 2006b,另外9株为GⅡ.4/Sydney_2012);12株属于GⅡ.3型;3株属于GⅡ.5型;18株属于GⅡ.6型。结论珠海市诺如病毒引起的食物中毒流行株属于GⅡ组,但基因亚型存在多样性,并且在短时间内造成多处暴发疫情,提示该状况将是今后防控监测的重点。
Objective To study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of Norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak in Zhuhai City and the evolution of epidemic strains genotypes. Methods A total of 619 samples of anal swab from 28 outbreaks of gastroenteritis in Zhuhai from 2011 to 2013 were collected. Norovirus RNA was detected qualitatively by fluorescence reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Norovirus capsid protein was amplified from positive viral RNA samples for sequencing and homology analysis. Results Among them, 17 outbreaks were caused by Norovirus infection. The positive rate was 19.55% (121/619). 57 samples of norovirus positive RNAs were sequenced, and 47 were successfully typed, all of which were No 14 were GⅡ.4 (5 were GⅡ.4 2006b and 9 were GⅡ.4 / Sydney_2012), 12 were GⅡ.3, 3 were GⅡ.5, 18 were G Ⅱ.6 type. CONCLUSION: The epidemic strain of food poisoning caused by Norovirus in Zhuhai belonged to GⅡ group. However, the diversity of gene subtypes and the outbreak of multiple outbreaks in a short period of time suggested that this situation would be the focus of prevention and control in the future.