长期以来,文化因素在外语教学中一直未能得到应有的重视。由于人们对语言的片面理解,在外语教学中只把语言当成一套孤立的符号系统来传授,词汇和语法几乎成了外语教学的全部内容。其结果是许多学生运用语言的准确性和流利程度虽有所提高,但在真实的语言交际中却常常犯语用错误,造成交际障碍甚至误会。造成上述现象的原因,归根到底,是由于我们在教学中忽略了语言与文化的关系,认为外语教学的目的就是培养学生“造一些意义正确、合乎语法规则的句子”的技能,不注重对学生文化意识的培养。学生缺乏所学语言的相关文化背景知识,对相关的风土人情、社会价值观、生活方式知之甚少,就不可能真正掌握这门语言,并用它来进行交际。 For a long time, cultural factors have not been given due attention in foreign language teaching. Because of the one-sided understanding of language, language is only taught as a set of isolated symbol systems in foreign language teaching. Vocabulary and grammar have become almost the whole content of foreign language teaching. As a result, although many students use their language to improve their accuracy and fluency, they often make mistakes in their verbal communication in real language communication, causing communication problems and even misunderstandings. The reason for the above phenomenon is, in the final analysis, because we neglected the relationship between language and culture in teaching. We believe that the purpose of foreign language teaching is to cultivate the skills of students to “make sentences that are correct and meet the rules of grammar.” The cultivation of students’ cultural awareness. Students lack the relevant cultural background knowledge of the language they are learning and have little knowledge of the relevant customs, social values, and lifestyles. It is impossible to master this language and use it to communicate.