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国家统计局统计,我国企业的平均坏账率在5%～10%左右,企业年坏账总额约近万亿,比美国企业0.25%～0.5%的平均坏账率高出10到20倍(见10月20日东方早报:《中国国内企业信用问题突出,坏账率约为美国20倍》)。这是令人震惊的数据,它损害着社会信用体系,扰乱了社会主义市场经济秩序。金融领域出现“失信”的原因并不完全在于社会上部分人唯利是图或法制、道德操守的低下。经济学说假定人总是“趋利避害”的,关键是“利害”如何影响当事人的行为。如果在实际操作运行中,人们发现破坏制度不受惩戒,甚至会比遵守制度获得更大的收益,那么秩序一定会趋于紊乱,“劣币驱逐良币”的“格雷欣法则”会让那些原本遵守诚信
According to statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the average rate of bad debts of Chinese enterprises is about 5% -10%, and the total amount of bad debts of enterprises is nearly trillion, 10 to 20 times higher than the average rate of bad debts of 0.25% to 0.5% of the U.S. (see October 20, Oriental Morning Post: “China’s domestic enterprises outstanding credit problems, bad debt rate of about 20 times the United States”). This is alarming data that undermines the social credit system and disrupts the socialist market economic order. The reason for the “dishonesty” appearing in the financial sector does not entirely lie in the fact that some people in the community have mercenary interests, poor laws and moral integrity. Economic theory assumes that people always “profit and avoid ”, the key is “interest ” how to influence the behavior of the parties. If in actual operation, people find that the damage system is not punishable or even gains more than the compliance system, then the order will tend to be disorganized. The “Gray Crack Rule ”Will make those who originally abide by honesty