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以黑河中游人工绿洲边缘天然草地及其转变的人工梭梭灌木林(21a)、人工杨树林(28a)、人工樟子松林(33a)和农田(开垦27a和100a)为研究对象,基于6种研究样地中小型土壤动物群落的调查数据,采用多变量排序和通径分析等方法,研究了土地利用/覆被变化与管理措施对中小型土壤动物群落及其主要类群演变的耦合效应。主要结果是:①将天然草地转变为未实施管理措施的人工梭梭灌木林后并未引起土壤动物群落组成、数量和物种多样性的显著变化,而转变为实施管理措施的杨树和樟子松人工林及农田后,导致了土壤动物群落组成、数量和物种多样性的变异,证实了土地覆被变化对中小型土壤动物群落的作用及其效应受管理措施的强烈调控。②土壤动物群落的演变过程受土地覆被变化与灌溉和施肥管理的共同影响,其中灌溉的贡献率最大,是关键驱动因子。③不同土壤动物类群对土地覆被变化和管理耦合作用的响应不同。灌溉对跳虫、甲螨和革螨的个体数量和物种丰富度的直接影响和总效应最大;施肥对辐螨的个体数量和物种丰富度的直接影响和总效应最大;灌溉和施肥对稀有类群的个体数量和物种丰富度的直接影响和总效应均较大,具同等重要的作用。结论是,土地覆被变化与管理耦合作用通过改变土壤水文和生态环境条件驱动了中小型土壤动物群落的演变过程。
Artificial Haloxylon ammodendron (21a), Artificial Poplar (28a), Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica (33a) and farmland (Reclamation 27a and 100a) were selected as natural grassland and artificial grassland around the artificial oasis in the middle reaches of Heihe River. Based on the survey data of small and medium-sized soil fauna communities, multivariable ranking and path analysis were used to study the coupling effects of land use / cover change and management measures on the evolution of soil micro-and small-scale soil fauna and their main taxa. The main results are as follows: (1) The change of natural grassland to man-made Haloxylon ammodendron without management measures did not lead to significant changes in the composition, quantity and species diversity of soil animal community, but was changed to poplar and Pinus sylvestris Forest and farmland led to the variation of soil animal community composition, quantity and species diversity, which confirmed that the effect of land cover change on small and medium soil animal community and its effect were strongly regulated by management measures. ② The evolution of soil fauna community is affected by land cover change and irrigation and fertilization management. The contribution rate of irrigation is the largest and is the key driver. ③ The response of different soil fauna to land cover change and management coupling is different. The direct effects and total effects of irrigation on individual numbers and species richness of the hoppers, the mites and the leather mites were the largest. The direct effects and the total effects of the fertilization on the individual number and species richness of the mites were the most. The effects of irrigation and fertilization on the rare species The number of individuals and the direct impact of species richness and the total effect are large, with equally important role. The conclusion is that the coupling effect of land cover change and management drives the evolution of small-medium soil fauna by changing the soil hydrology and ecological environment.